Joachim Samuelsson is CEO and board member at publicly-listed Swedish deep tech company Crunchfish. Joachim is a tech pioneer and a serial entrepreneur with many patents in digital payments and mobile technology. He has a Master of Science degree from 1998 in Industrial Engineering and Management from Linköping University.

Crunchfish is a deep fintech company developing governed offline payments technology for payment systems, banks, and payment applications. The company enables offline payments as a Layer-2 solution on top of existing payment systems, allowing transactions to be executed without connectivity while ledger authority and settlement remain unchanged.

Academy Session: Three Architectures for Offline Payments — A Comparative Framework

Offline payments are not one architecture. This Academy session compares three approaches:

• Immediate Offline, where monetary value is moved to the device
• Deferred Offline, where payments are accepted offline against later settlement; and
• Governed Offline, where money is reserved within the regulated monetary system while payments are authorised locally and settled later.

We compare where money resides, how payment authority is established, who carries the risk, and how each approach integrates with existing payment infrastructure. The session concludes by assessing the three architectures against three institutional design criteria: Bankable, Implementable and Governed.

 

Enabling Offline Payments at Scale as Digital Money


Digital payments increasingly depend on infrastructure that is assumed to be continuously available. But connectivity and payment systems can fail while the need to pay remains.

This keynote explores what is required to make digital money resilient at scale. With Governed Offline, money is reserved while the system is available, payments are authorised and verified locally when it is unavailable, and settlement takes place when connectivity returns: Reserve. Pay. Settle.

The result is an offline payment layer that can complement existing CBDC, instant payment systems as well as other account-based infrastructures.